What diet plan would most effectively improve cardiovascular risk for a 60-year-old woman with prediabetes and high LDL cholesterol?

The Mediterranean-style diet is widely recognized for its benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk, particularly in individuals with prediabetes and high LDL cholesterol. This diet emphasizes the consumption of whole, minimally processed foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, olive oil, and lean proteins, particularly fish.

The rationale for its effectiveness lies in its favorable impact on multiple cardiovascular risk factors. The healthy fats from olive oil and fatty fish can improve lipid profiles by increasing HDL cholesterol and potentially decreasing LDL cholesterol levels. Moreover, the diet's high fiber content from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help with glycemic control, making it particularly suitable for someone with prediabetes.

The Mediterranean diet is not calorie-restricted, which can help ensure that patients are satisfied with their meals, making it more sustainable in the long term. Additionally, this dietary approach has been associated with reduced inflammation and improved overall health outcomes, which are particularly important for older adults at risk for cardiovascular diseases.

While other diets may provide some benefits, they lack the comprehensive array of heart-healthy components found in a Mediterranean-style plan, making it the most effective choice for improving cardiovascular risk in this scenario.