Which of the following is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a patient admitted for heart failure?

Age over 40 years is indeed a recognized risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). As individuals age, the risk of developing VTE increases significantly due to various factors, such as changes in blood coagulation, decreased mobility, and possible presence of comorbidities. In the context of heart failure, patients may experience reduced mobility and have other risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of thrombosis, making age a crucial consideration when assessing for VTE.

Active smoking, while a risk factor for many cardiovascular conditions, has a more ambiguous relationship with VTE risk compared to age. Current employment and regular exercise generally do not elevate the risk of VTE; in fact, regular physical activity is often encouraged as a means to enhance venous return and lower the risk of thrombotic events. Thus, in the context of admitted heart failure patients, recognition of age as a significant risk factor for VTE is essential for appropriate management and prophylaxis.